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Premenstrual Syndrome (pms) And Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (pmdd)by Any Safarodiyah, MD Have you ever experience some of these symptoms before or during having period? - uncontrollable emotion - abdominal bloating - abdominal cramp - irritability - depressed feeling - anxiety - distended breast - breast tenderness - anorexia - headache - insomnia - fatigue - acne If the answer is yes, you may be in the condition named premenstrual syndrome. Medically, premenstrual syndrome is a term that refers to collection of physical, psychological, and emotional symptoms related to a woman's menstrual cycle, without any organic disorder. About 80% of child-bearing age women suffer from it. A woman can be categorized having premenstrual syndrome if she suffers at least one emotional symptom and one physical symptom during three consecutive cycles of menses. The symptoms negatively impact in daily activities during the period and disappear after the menstruation over. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a more severe condition signed by one emotional and five physical symptoms a week before period. It happens almost every period during twelve consecutive menses. Etiology The main cause of PMS and PMDD is not really known, but there are a few risk factors that may precipitate PMS and PMDD. They are family history, high caffeine intake, stress, increasing age, tobacco use, history of depression, allergies, and dietary factors. Some experts suggest that PMS and PMDD is related with hormonal change, genetics, or even psychosocial environment. Management of PMS and PMDD 1. Medication o PMS can be treated with OTC (over the counter) drugs. This medication is only symptomatic, to help you control the pain and only temporary. But sometimes it is not useful for reducing severe symptoms. o Some anti-anxiety such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRIs) may helpful to reduce severe symptoms. It can be consumed during period or can be started 14 days before. This drug should be given under prescription. o Vitamin B6, a cofactor of final process in neurotransmitter production, may helpful in improving better endocrine system. o Oral contraception containing progestin-drospyrenon combination may reduce some severe symptoms. 2. Psychotherapy Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can be done by a psychiatrist to help PMDD patient. This therapy may help change someone’s self perception so she will think positive and respect herself. 3. Lifestyle change - Sports Try to do aerobic sport during 30 minutes 4-6 times a week. This will increase your health in general. Sport can also improve cardiovascular health, and may also reduce stress and anxiety. - Diet Modification o Reducing caffeine intake may help reducing depressed and irritable feeling. o Lessen salt consumption (not only from daily food but also packed food) to reduce bloating o Consume more complex carbohydrate and fiber. These can be found in oat bread, pasta, cereal, vegetables, and fruits. o Include protein source in every meal time. o Eat food with rich vitamins and minerals or consume supplements. o Reduce sugar and fat to help stabilize your mood. o Stop alcohol. If you feel worried with premenstrual symptoms that bothers you so much, please consult to your doctor. |
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